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Sweat Gland Disease Information

Many conditions affect the human integumentary system—the organ system covering the entire surface of the body and composed of skin, hair, nails, and related muscle and glands.[1] The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment.[2] The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square meters, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.[1] There are two main types of human skin: glabrous skin, the nonhairy skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin.[3] Within the latter type, there are hairs in structures called pilosebaceous units, each with hair follicle, sebaceous gland, and associated arrector pili muscle.[4] In the embryo, the epidermis, hair, and glands form from the ectoderm, which is chemically influenced by the underlying mesoderm that forms the dermis and subcutaneous tissues.[5][6][7]

The epidermis is the most superficial layer of skin, a squamous epithelium with several strata: the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale.[8] Nourishment is provided to these layers via diffusion from the dermis, since the epidermis is without direct blood supply. The epidermis contains four cell types: keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells. Of these, keratinocytes are the major component, constituting roughly 95 percent of the epidermis.[3] This stratified squamous epithelium is maintained by cell division within the stratum basale, in which differentiating cells slowly displace outwards through the stratum spinosum to the stratum corneum, where cells are continually shed from the surface.[3] In normal skin, the rate of production equals the rate of loss; it takes about two weeks for a cell to migrate from the basal cell layer to the top of the granular cell layer, and an additional two weeks to cross the stratum corneum.[9]

The dermis is the layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, and comprises two sections, the papillary dermis and the reticular dermis.[10] The superficial papillary dermis interdigitates with the overlying rete ridges of the epidermis, between which the two layers interact through the basement membrane zone.[10] Structural components of the dermis are collagen, elastic fibers, and extrafibrillar matrix (previously called ground substance).[10] Within these components are the pilosebaceous units, arrector pili muscles, and the eccrine and apocrine glands.[8] The dermis contains two vascular networks that run parallel to the skin surface—one superficial and one deep plexus—which are connected by vertical communicating vessels.[8][11] The function of blood vessels within the dermis is fourfold: to supply nutrition, to regulate temperature, to modulate inflammation, and to participate in wound healing.[12][13]

The subcutaneous tissue is a layer of fat between the dermis and underlying fascia.[14] This tissue may be further divided into two components, the actual fatty layer, or panniculus adiposus, and a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the panniculus carnosus.[3] The main cellular component of this tissue is the adipocyte, or fat cell.[14] The structure of this tissue is composed of septal (i.e. linear strands) and lobular compartments, which differ in microscopic appearance.[8] Functionally, the subcutaneous fat insulates the body, absorbs trauma, and serves as a reserve energy source.[14]

Conditions of the human integumentary system constitute a broad spectrum of diseases, also known as dermatoses, as well as many nonpathologic states (like, in certain circumstances, melanonychia and racquet nails).[15][16] While only a small number of skin diseases account for most visits to the physician, thousands of skin conditions have been described.[14] Classification of these conditions often presents many nosological challenges, since underlying etiologies and pathogenetics are often not known.[17][18] Therefore, most current textbooks present a classification based on location (for example, conditions of the mucous membrane), morphology (chronic blistering conditions), etiology (skin conditions resulting from physical factors), and so on.[19][20] Clinically, the diagnosis of any particular skin condition is made by gathering pertinent information regarding the presenting skin lesion(s), including the location (such as arms, head, legs), symptoms (pruritus, pain), duration (acute or chronic), arrangement (solitary, generalized, annular, linear), morphology (macules, papules, vesicles), and color (red, blue, brown, black, white, yellow).[21] Diagnosis of many conditions often also requires a skin biopsy which yields histologic information[22][23] that can be correlated with the clinical presentation and any laboratory data.[24][25][26]

Contents

Acneiform eruptions

See also: Category:Acneiform eruptions

Acneiform eruptions are caused by changes in the pilosebaceous unit.[27][28]

Autoinflammatory syndromes

See also: Category:Autoinflammatory syndromes

Autoinflammatory syndromes are a group of inherited disorders characterized by bouts of inflammatory skin lesions and periodic fevers.[29][30]

Chronic blistering

See also: Category:Chronic blistering cutaneous conditions

Chronic blistering cutaneous conditions have a prolonged course and present with vesicles and bullae.[31][32][33]

Conditions of the mucous membranes

See also: Category:Conditions of the mucous membranes

Conditions of the mucous membranes involve the moist linings of the eyes, nose, mouth, genitals, and anus.[34]

Conditions of the skin appendages

See also: Category:Conditions of the skin appendages

Conditions of the skin appendages are those affecting the glands of the skin, hair, nails, and arrector pili muscles.[1][35]

Conditions of the subcutaneous fat

See also: Category:Conditions of the subcutaneous fat

Conditions of the subcutaneous fat are those affecting the layer of adipose tissue that lies between the dermis and underlying fascia.[36][37][38][39]

Congenital anomalies

See also: Category:Cutaneous congenital anomalies

Cutaneous congenital anomalies are a diverse group of disorders that result from faulty morphogenesis, the biological process that forms the shape of a human body.[35][40][41]

Connective tissue diseases

See also: Category:Connective tissue diseases

Connective tissue diseases are caused by a complex array of autoimmune responses that target or affect collagen or ground substance.[35][42]

Abnormalities of dermal fibrous and elastic tissue

See also: Category:Abnormalities of dermal fibrous and elastic tissue

Abnormalities of dermal fibrous and elastic tissue are caused by problems in the regulation of collagen synthesis and/or degradation.[35][43]

Striae distensae

Dermal and subcutaneous growths

See also: Category:Dermal and subcutaneous growths

Dermal and subcutaneous growths result from (1) reactive or neoplastic proliferation of cellular components of the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, or (2) neoplasms invading or aberrantly present in the dermis.[1][35]

Dermatitis

See also: Category:Dermatitis

Dermatitis is a general term for "inflammation of the skin".[44]

Atopic

See also: Category:Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis associated with a hereditary tendency to develop allergies to food and inhalant substances.[45][46][47]

Contact

See also: Category:Contact dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is caused by certain substances coming in contact with the skin.[48][49][50]

Eczema

See also: Category:Eczema

Eczema refers to a broad range of conditions that begin as spongiotic dermatitis and may progress to a lichenified stage.[51][52]

Dyshidrosis

Pustular

See also: Category:Pustular dermatitis

Pustular dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin that presents with pustular lesions.[52][53]

Seborrheic

See also: Category:Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic, superficial, inflammatory disease characterized by scaling on an erythematous base.[54]

Disturbances of pigmentation

See also: Category:Disturbances of human pigmentation

Disturbances of human pigmentation, either loss or reduction, may be related to loss of melanocytes or the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin or transport melanosomes correctly.[55][56][57]

Drug eruptions

See also: Category:Drug eruptions

Drug eruptions are adverse drug reactions that present with cutaneous manifestations.[58][59][60]

Endocrine-related

See also: Category:Endocrine-related cutaneous conditions

Endocrine conditions often present with cutaneous findings as the skin interacts with the endocrine system in many ways.[61][62]

Eosinophilic

See also: Category:Eosinophilic cutaneous conditions

Eosinophilic cutaneous conditions encompass a wide variety of diseases that are characterized histologically by the presence of eosinophils in the inflammatory infiltrate and/or evidence of eosinophil degranulation.[63][64]

Epidermal nevi, neoplasms, cysts

See also: Category:Epidermal nevi, neoplasms, cysts

Epidermal nevi, neoplasms, cysts are skin lesions that develop from the epidermal layer of the skin.[8][52]

Erythemas

Erythema migrans See also: Category:Erythemas

Erythemas are reactive skin conditions in which there is blanchable redness.[1][9]

Genodermatoses

See also: Category:Genodermatoses

Genodermatoses are inherited genetic skin conditions often grouped into three categories: chromosomal, single gene, and polygenetic.[65][66]

Infection-related

See also: Category:Infection-related cutaneous conditions and Skin and skin structure infection

Infection-related cutaneous conditions may be caused by bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses, and/or parasites.[52][67]

Bacterium-related

See also: Category:Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions and Bacterial skin infection

Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions often have distinct morphologic characteristics that may be an indication of a generalized systemic process or simply an isolated superficial infection.[67][68]

Mycobacterium-related

See also: Category:Mycobacterium-related cutaneous conditions

Mycobacterium-related cutaneous conditions are caused by mycobacterium infections.[67][69]

Mycosis-related

See also: Category:Mycosis-related cutaneous conditions and Fungal skin infection

Mycosis-related cutaneous conditions are caused by fungi or yeasts, and may present as either a superficial or deep infection of the skin, hair, and/or nails.[67]

Parasitic infestations, stings, and bites

See also: Category:Parasitic infestations, stings, and bites of the skin

Parasitic infestations, stings, and bites in humans are caused by several groups of organisms belonging to the following phyla: Annelida, Arthropoda, Bryozoa, Chordata, Cnidaria, Cyanobacteria, Echinodermata, Nemathelminthes, Platyhelminthes, and Protozoa.[67][70]

Virus-related

See also: Category:Virus-related cutaneous conditions and Viral skin infections

Virus-related cutaneous conditions are caused by two main groups of viruses–DNA and RNA types–both of which are obligatory intracellular parasites.[67][71]

Lichenoid eruptions

See also: Category:Lichenoid eruptions

Lichenoid eruptions are dermatoses related to the unique, common inflammatory disorder lichen planus, which affects the skin, mucous membranes, nails, and hair.[72][73][74]

Lymphoid-related

See also: Category:Lymphoid-related cutaneous conditions

Lymphoid-related cutaneous conditions are a group of disorders characterized by collections of lymphocyte cells within the skin.[75]

Melanocytic nevi and neoplasms

See also: Category:Melanocytic nevi and neoplasms

Melanocytic nevi and neoplasms are caused by either a proliferation of (1) melanocytes, or (2) nevus cells, a form of melanocyte that lack dendritic processes.[76][77]

Melanoma

See also: Category:Melanoma

Melanoma is a malignant proliferation of melanocytes and the most aggressive type of skin cancer.[78][79][80]

Monocyte- and macrophage-related

See also: Category:Monocyte- and macrophage-related cutaneous conditions

Monocyte- and macrophage-related cutaneous conditions are characterized histologically by infiltration of the skin by monocyte and/or macrophage cells,[10] often divided into several categories, including granulomatous disease,[81] histiocytoses,[82] and sarcoidosis.[83]

Mucinoses

See also: Category:Mucinoses

Mucinoses are a group of conditions caused by dermal fibroblasts producing abnormally large amounts of mucopolysaccharides.[34]

Neurocutaneous

See also: Category:Neurocutaneous conditions

Neurocutaneous conditions are due organic nervous system disease or are psychiatric in etiology.[84][85]

Noninfectious immunodeficiency-related

See also: Category:Noninfectious immunodeficiency-related cutaneous conditions

Noninfectious immunodeficiency-related cutaneous conditions are caused by T-cell and/or B-cell dysfunction.[86][87]

Nutrition-related

See also: Category:Malnutrition

Nutrition-related cutaneous conditions are caused by malnutrition due to an improper or inadequate diet.[88][89]

Papulosquamous hyperkeratotic

See also: Category:Papulosquamous hyperkeratotic cutaneous conditions

Papulosquamous hyperkeratotic cutaneous conditions are those that present with papules and scales caused by a thickening of the stratum corneum.[9]

Pityriasis rosea

Palmoplantar keratodermas

See also: Category:Palmoplantar keratodermas

Palmoplantar keratodermas are a diverse group of hereditary and acquired keratodermas in which there is hyperkeratosis of the skin of the palms and soles.[90]

Palmoplantar keratoderma

Pregnancy-related

See also: Category:Pregnancy-related cutaneous conditions

Pregnancy-related cutaneous conditions are a group of skin changes observed during pregnancy.[91][92]

Pruritic

See also: Category:Pruritic skin conditions

Pruritus, commonly known as itchiness, is a sensation exclusive to the skin, and characteristic of many skin conditions.[93][94]

Psoriasis

See also: Category:Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by circumscribed, erythematous, dry, scaling plaques.[95][96][97]

Psoriasis vulgaris

Reactive neutrophilic

See also: Category:Reactive neutrophilic cutaneous conditions

Reactive neutrophilic cutaneous conditions constitute a spectrum of disease mediated by neutrophils, and typically associated with underlying diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and hematologic malignancy.[98][99]

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Recalcitrant palmoplantar eruptions

See also: Category:Recalcitrant palmoplantar eruptions

Recalcitrant palmoplantar eruptions are skin conditions of the palms and soles which are resistant to treatment.[34]

Resulting from errors in metabolism

See also: Category:Skin conditions resulting from errors in metabolism

Skin conditions resulting from errors in metabolism are caused by enzymatic defects that lead to an accumulation or deficiency of various cellular components, including, but not limited to, amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.[16]

Resulting from physical factors

See also: Category:Skin conditions resulting from physical factors

Skin conditions resulting from physical factors occur from a number of causes, including, but not limited to, hot and cold temperatures, friction, and moisture.[34][100][101]

Ionizing radiation-induced

See also: Category:Ionizing radiation-induced cutaneous conditions

Ionizing radiation-induced cutaneous conditions result from exposure to ionizing radiation.[102]

Urticaria and angioedema

See also: Category:Urticaria and angioedema

Urticaria is a vascular reaction of the skin characterized by the appearance of wheals, which are firm, elevated swelling of the skin.[103] Angioedema, which can occur alone or with urticaria, is characterized by a well-defined, edematous swelling that involves subcutaneous tissues, abdominal organs, and/or upper airway.[104]

Acute urticaria

Vascular-related

See also: Category:Vascular-related cutaneous conditions

Vascular-related cutaneous conditions result from dysfunction of the blood and/or blood vessels in the dermis, or lymphatics in the subcutaneous tissues.[9][105][106]

Footnotes

  1. ^ Any given cutaneous condition is only included once within this list.
  2. ^ Parentheticals are used to indicate other names by which a condition is known. If there are multiple alternative names for a condition, they are separated by commas within the parenthetical.
  3. ^ Citations for any given condition name and/or alternative name(s) may be found within the condition's respective article.
  4. ^ This list uses American English; therefore, the symbols æ and œ, which are common to British English, are not used, but, rather, simplified to a single e. For example, the spelling of nevus is favored over nævus, edema over œdema, and so forth. For more information, see American and British English differences.
  5. ^ Non-English names are included within this list when those terms are found in English medical literature. Inclusion of acne excoriée des jeunes filles (French), frambösie (German), and parangi (Malay) represent examples of this convention.
  6. ^ Abbreviations for condition names commonly described in medical literature with an acronym or initialism are included within this list.
  7. ^ Within this list, the term immunoglobulin is abbreviated to Ig when used as a prefix to a specific antibody isotype (i.e. IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM).
  8. ^ Within this list, the terms human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are abbreviated to HIV and AIDS, respectively.

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Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Cutaneous conditions
Infectious skin disease: Bacterial skin disease (L00–L08, 680–686)
Gram +
Firmicutes Staphylococcus (Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, Impetigo, Toxic shock syndrome) · Streptococcus (Impetigo, Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection, Streptococcal intertrigo, Cutaneous Streptococcus iniae infection, Erysipelas/Chronic recurrent erysipelas, Scarlet fever) · Corynebacterium (Erythrasma) Listeriosis Clostridium (Gas gangrene, Dermatitis gangrenosa) Mycoplasma infection · Erysipeloid of Rosenbach
Actinobacteria Mycobacterium-related: Aquarium granuloma · Borderline lepromatous leprosy · Borderline leprosy · Borderline tuberculoid leprosy · Buruli ulcer · Erythema induratum · Histoid leprosy · Lepromatous leprosy · Leprosy · Lichen scrofulosorum · Lupus vulgaris · Miliary tuberculosis · Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infection · Mycobacterium haemophilum infection · Mycobacterium kansasii infection · Papulonecrotic tuberculid · Primary inoculation tuberculosis · Rapid growing mycobacterium infection · Scrofuloderma · Tuberculosis cutis orificialis · Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis · Tuberculous cellulitis · Tuberculous gumma · Tuberculoid leprosy Cutaneous actinomycosis · Nocardiosis · Cutaneous diphtheria infection · Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection · Group JK corynebacterium sepsis
Gram -
Proteobacteria α: Endemic typhus · Epidemic typhus · Scrub typhus · North Asian tick typhus · Queensland tick typhus · Flying squirrel typhus · Trench fever · Bacillary angiomatosis · African tick bite fever · American tick bite fever · Rickettsia aeschlimannii infection · Rickettsialpox · Rocky Mountain spotted fever · Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis · Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis · Flea-borne spotted fever · Japanese spotted fever · Mediterranean spotted fever · Flinders Island spotted fever · Verruga peruana · Brill–Zinsser disease · Brucellosis · Cat scratch disease · Oroya fever · Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection β: Gonococcemia/Gonorrhea/Primary gonococcal dermatitis · Melioidosis · Cutaneous Pasteurella hemolytica infection · Meningococcemia · Glanders · Chromobacteriosis infection γ: Pasteurellosis · Tularemia · Vibrio vulnificus infection · Rhinoscleroma · Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis · Pseudomonal pyoderma/Pseudomonas hot-foot syndrome/Hot tub folliculitis/Ecthyma gangrenosum/Green nail syndrome · Q fever · Salmonellosis · Shigellosis · Plague · Granuloma inguinale · Chancroid · Aeromonas infection ε: Helicobacter cellulitis
Other Syphilid · Syphilis · Chancre · Yaws · Pinta · Bejel · Chlamydial infection · Leptospirosis · Rat-bite fever · Lyme disease · Lymphogranuloma venereum ·
Unspecified pathogen Abscess (Periapical abscess) · Boil/furuncle (Hospital furunculosis) · Carbuncle · Cellulitis (Paronychia/Pyogenic paronychia, Perianal cellulitis) · Acute lymphadenitis · Pilonidal cyst · Pyoderma Folliculitis (Superficial pustular folliculitis, Sycosis vulgaris) · Pimple · Ecthyma · Pitted keratolysis · Trichomycosis axillaris · Necrotizing fascitis · Gangrene (Chronic undermining burrowing ulcers, Fournier gangrene) · Elephantiasis nostras · Blistering distal dactylitis · Botryomycosis · Malakoplakia · Gram-negative folliculitis · Gram-negative toe web infection · Pyomyositis · Blastomycosis-like pyoderma · Bullous impetigo · Chronic lymphangitis · Recurrent toxin-mediated perineal erythema · Tick-borne lymphadenopathy · Tropical ulcer ·

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Vesiculobullous disease (L10–L14
Acantholysis (epidermis)
Pemphigus
Other
Pemphigoid (dermis)
Other bullous
In diseases classified elsewhere

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Dermatitis and eczema (L20–L30, 690–693,698)
Atopic dermatitis Besnier's prurigo
Seborrheic dermatitis Pityriasis simplex capillitii · Cradle cap
Contact dermatitis (allergic, irritant) plants: Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis · African blackwood dermatitis · Tulip fingers other: Abietic acid dermatitis · Diaper rash · Airbag dermatitis · Baboon syndrome · Contact stomatitis · Protein contact dermatitis
Eczema Autoimmune estrogen dermatitis · Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis Breast eczema · Ear eczema · Eyelid dermatitis · Hand eczema (Chronic vesiculobullous hand eczema, Hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis) Autosensitization dermatitis/Id reaction (Candidid, Dermatophytid, Molluscum dermatitis) · Circumostomy eczema · Dyshidrosis · Juvenile plantar dermatosis · Nummular eczema · Nutritional deficiency eczema · Sulzberger–Garbe syndrome · Xerotic eczema
Pruritus/Itch/ Prurigo Lichen simplex chronicus/Prurigo nodularis by location: Pruritus ani · Pruritus scroti · Pruritus vulvae · Scalp pruritus Drug-induced pruritus (Hydroxyethyl starch-induced pruritus) · Senile pruritus · Aquagenic pruritus (Aquadynia) Adult blaschkitis · due to liver disease (Biliary pruritus · Cholestatic pruritus) · Prion pruritus · Prurigo pigmentosa · Prurigo simplex · Puncta pruritica · Uremic pruritus
Other/ungrouped substances taken internally: Bromoderma · Fixed drug reaction Nummular dermatitis · Pityriasis alba · Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji

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Papulosquamous disorders (L40–L45, 696–697)
Psoriasis
Pustular Generalized pustular psoriasis (Impetigo herpetiformis) · Acropustulosis/Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (Pustular bacterid) · Annular pustular psoriasis · Localized pustular psoriasis
Other Guttate psoriasis · Psoriatic arthritis · Psoriatic erythroderma Drug-induced psoriasis · Inverse psoriasis · Napkin psoriasis · Seborrheic-like psoriasis
Parapsoriasis Pityriasis lichenoides (Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, Pityriasis lichenoides chronica) · Lymphomatoid papulosis · Small plaque parapsoriasis (Digitate dermatosis, Xanthoerythrodermia perstans) · Large plaque parapsoriasis (Retiform parapsoriasis)
Other pityriasis Pityriasis rosea · Pityriasis rubra pilaris · Pityriasis rotunda · Pityriasis amiantacea
Other lichenoid
Lichen planus

configuration: Annular lichen planus · Linear lichen planus

morphology of lesion: Hypertrophic lichen planus · Atrophic lichen planus · Bullous lichen planus · Ulcerative lichen planus · Lichen planus actinicus · Lichen planus pigmentosus

site of involvement: Mucosal lichen planus · Lichen planus of the nails · Peno-gingival syndrome · Vulvovaginal gingival syndrome

overlap: Lichen planus–lichen sclerosus overlap syndrome · Lichen planus–lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome

special forms: Hepatitis-associated lichen planus · Lichen planus pemphigoides
Other Lichen nitidus · Lichen striatus · Lichen ruber moniliformis · Gianotti–Crosti syndrome ungrouped lichenoid eruptions: Erythema dyschromicum perstans · Idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation · Keratosis lichenoides chronica · Kraurosis vulvae · Lichen sclerosus · Lichenoid dermatitis · Lichenoid reaction of graft-versus-host disease

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Urticaria and erythema (L50–L54, 695, 708)
Urticaria (acute/chronic)
Allergic urticaria Urticarial allergic eruption
Physical urticaria Cold urticaria (Familial) · Primary cold contact urticaria · Secondary cold contact urticaria · Reflex cold urticaria Heat urticaria · Localized heat contact urticaria · Solar urticaria Dermatographic urticaria Vibratory angioedema · Pressure urticaria Cholinergic urticaria Aquagenic urticaria
Other urticaria Acquired C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency · Adrenergic urticaria · Exercise urticaria · Galvanic urticaria · Schnitzler syndrome · Urticaria-like follicular mucinosis
Angioedema Episodic angioedema with eosinophilia · Hereditary angioedema
Erythema
Erythema multiforme/ drug eruption Erythema multiforme minor · Erythema multiforme major (Stevens–Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrolysis) · panniculitis (Erythema nodosum) · Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
Figurate erythema Erythema annulare centrifugum · Erythema marginatum · Erythema migrans · Erythema gyratum repens
Other erythema Necrolytic migratory erythema · Erythema toxicum · Erythroderma · Palmar erythema · Generalized erythema

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Radiation-related disorders / Photodermatosis (L55–L59, 692.7)
Ultraviolet/ionizing

Sunburn · Phytophotodermatitis · Solar urticaria · Polymorphous light eruption (Benign summer light eruption, Juvenile spring eruption, Acne aestivalis) · Hydroa vacciniforme

Solar erythema
Nonionizing

Actinic rays: Actinic keratosis (Atrophic actinic keratosis · Hyperkeratotic actinic keratosis · Lichenoid actinic keratosis · Pigmented actinic keratosis) · Actinic cheilitis · Actinic granuloma • Actinic prurigo • Chronic actinic dermatitis

Infrared/heat: Erythema ab igne (Kangri ulcer • Kairo cancer • Kang cancer • Peat fire cancer )

Cutis rhomboidalis nuchae · Poikiloderma of Civatte
Other/ungrouped

Radiation dermatitis (Acute radiodermatitis, Chronic radiodermatitis) · Favre–Racouchot syndrome

Photoaging • Photosensitivity with HIV infection • Phototoxic tar dermatitis • Phytophotodermatitis

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Disorders of skin appendages (L60–L75, 703–706)
Nail thickness: Onychogryphosis · Onychauxis color: Beau's lines · Yellow nail syndrome · Leukonychia · Azure Lunula shape: Koilonychia · Nail clubbing behavior: Onychotillomania · Onychophagia other: Ingrown nail · Anonychia ungrouped: Paronychia (Acute paronychia, Chronic paronychia ) · Chevron nail · Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers · Green nails · Half and half nails · Hangnail · Hapalonychia · Hook nail · Lichen planus of the nails · Longitudinal erythronychia · Malalignment of the nail plate · Median nail dystrophy · Mees' lines · Melanonychia · Muehrcke's lines · Nail–patella syndrome · Onychoatrophy · Onychocryptosis · Onycholysis · Onychomadesis · Onychomatricoma · Onychomycosis · Onychophosis · Onychoptosis defluvium · Onychorrhexis · Onychoschizia · Platonychia · Pincer nails · Plummer's nail · Psoriatic nails · Pterygium inversum unguis · Pterygium unguis · Purpura of the nail bed · Racquet nail · Red lunulae · Shell nail syndrome · Splinter hemorrhage · Spotted lunulae · Staining of the nail plate · Stippled nails · Subungual hematoma · Terry's nails · Twenty-nail dystrophy
Hair
Hair loss/ Baldness noncicatricial alopecia: Alopecia/Alopecia areata (Alopecia totalis, Alopecia universalis, Ophiasis) Androgenic alopecia (male-pattern baldness) · Hypotrichosis · Telogen effluvium · Traction alopecia · Lichen planopilaris · Trichorrhexis nodosa · Alopecia neoplastica · Anagen effluvium · Alopecia mucinosa cicatricial alopecia: Pseudopelade of Brocq · Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia · Pressure alopecia · Traumatic alopecia · Tumor alopecia · Hot comb alopecia · Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens · Graham-Little syndrome · Folliculitis decalvans ungrouped: Triangular alopecia · Frontal fibrosing alopecia · Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis
Hypertrichosis Hirsutism · Acquired generalized hypertrichosis · Generalized congenital hypertrichosis · Localized acquired hypertrichosis · Localized congenital hypertrichosis · Patterned acquired hypertrichosis · Prepubertal hypertrichosis · X-linked hypertrichosis
Acneiform eruption
Acne Acne vulgaris · Acne conglobata · Acne miliaris necrotica · Tropical acne · Infantile acne/Neonatal acne · Excoriated acne · Acne fulminans · Acne medicamentosa (e.g., steroid acne) · Halogen acne (Iododerma, Bromoderma, Chloracne) · Oil acne · Tar acne · Acne cosmetica · Occupational acne · Acne aestivalis · Acne keloidalis nuchae · Acne mechanica · Acne with facial edema · Pomade acne · Acne necrotica · Blackhead · Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei
Rosacea Perioral dermatitis (Granulomatous perioral dermatitis) · Phymatous rosacea (Rhinophyma, Blepharophyma, Gnathophyma, Metophyma, Otophyma) · Papulopustular rosacea · Lupoid rosacea · Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea · Glandular rosacea · Gram-negative rosacea · Steroid rosacea · Ocular rosacea · Persistent edema of rosacea · Rosacea conglobata · variants (Periorificial dermatitis, Pyoderma faciale)
Ungrouped Granulomatous facial dermatitis · Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma · Periorbital dermatitis · SAPHO syndrome
Follicular cysts Epidermoid cyst · Trichilemmal cyst · Sebaceous cyst · Steatocystoma (simplex, multiplex) · Milia
Inflammation Folliculitis (Folliculitis nares perforans, Tufted folliculitis) · Pseudofolliculitis barbae Hidradenitis (Hidradenitis suppurativa, Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis, Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis)
Ungrouped Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex · Acroosteolysis · Bubble hair deformity · Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis · Erosive pustular dermatitis of the scalp · Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli · Hair casts · Hair follicle nevus · Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy · Keratosis pilaris atropicans · Kinking hair · Koenen's tumor · Lichen planopilaris · Lichen spinulosus · Loose anagen syndrome · Menkes kinky hair syndrome · Monilethrix · Parakeratosis pustulosa · Pili (Pili annulati · Pili bifurcati · Pili multigemini · Pili pseudoannulati · Pili torti) · Pityriasis amiantacea · Plica neuropathica · Poliosis · Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome · Setleis syndrome · Traumatic anserine folliculosis · Trichomegaly · Trichomycosis axillaris · Trichorrhexis (Trichorrhexis invaginata · Trichorrhexis nodosa) · Trichostasis spinulosa · Uncombable hair syndrome · Wooly hair · Wooly hair nevus
Sweat glands
Eccrine Miliaria (Colloid milium • Miliaria crystalline • Miliaria profunda • Miliaria pustulosa • Miliaria rubra • Occlusion miliaria • Postmiliarial hypohidrosis), Granulosis rubra nasi, Ross’ syndrome, Anhidrosis, Hyperhidrosis (Generalized, Gustatory, Palmoplantar)
Apocrine Body odor, Chromhidrosis, Fox–Fordyce disease
Sebaceous Sebaceous hyperplasia

: SKA

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Pigmentation disorders/Dyschromia (L80–L81, 709.0)
Hypo-/ leucism
Loss of melanocytes

vitiligo: Quadrichrome vitiligo · Vitiligo ponctué · syndromic (Alezzandrini syndrome · Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome)

melanocyte development: Piebaldism · Waardenburg syndrome · Tietz syndrome
Loss of melanin/ amelanism

albinism: Oculocutaneous albinism · Ocular albinism

melanosome transfer: Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome · Chédiak–Higashi syndrome · Griscelli syndrome (Elejalde syndrome · Griscelli syndrome type 2 · Griscelli syndrome type 3)

other: Cross syndrome · ABCD syndrome · Albinism–deafness syndrome · Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis · Phylloid hypomelanosis · Progressive macular hypomelanosis
Leukoderma w/o hypomelanosis Vasospastic macule · Woronoff's ring · Nevus anemicus
Ungrouped ungrouped: Nevus depigmentosus · Postinflammatory hypopigmentation · Pityriasis alba · Vagabond's leukomelanoderma · Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome · Wende–Bauckus syndrome
Hyper-
Melanin/ Melanosis/ Melanism
Reticulated Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis · Pigmentatio reticularis faciei et colli · Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura · Reticular pigmented anomaly of the flexures · Naegeli–Franceschetti–Jadassohn syndrome · Dyskeratosis congenita · X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder · Galli–Galli disease · Revesz syndrome
Diffuse/ circumscribed

Lentigo/Lentiginosis: Lentigo simplex · Liver spot · Centrofacial lentiginosis · Generalized lentiginosis · Inherited patterned lentiginosis in black persons · Ink spot lentigo · Lentigo maligna · Mucosal lentigines · Partial unilateral lentiginosis · PUVA lentigines

Melasma · Erythema dyschromicum perstans · Lichen planus pigmentosus · Café au lait spot · Poikiloderma (Poikiloderma of Civatte · Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans) · Riehl melanosis
Linear Incontinentia pigmenti · Scratch dermatitis · Shiitake mushroom dermatitis
Other/ungrouped Acanthosis nigricans (Acral acanthotic anomaly) · Freckle · Familial progressive hyperpigmentation · Pallister–Killian syndrome · Periorbital hyperpigmentation · Photoleukomelanodermatitis of Kobori · Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation · Transient neonatal pustular melanosis
Other pigments iron: Hemochromatosis · Iron metallic discoloration · Pigmented purpuric dermatosis (Schamberg disease, Majocchi's disease, Gougerot–Blum syndrome, Doucas and Kapetanakis pigmented purpura/Eczematid-like purpura of Doucas and Kapetanakis, Lichen aureus, Angioma serpiginosum) · Hemosiderin hyperpigmentation other metals: Argyria · Chrysiasis · Arsenic poisoning · Lead poisoning · Titanium metallic discoloration other: Carotenosis · Tattoo · Tar melanosis
Dyschromatoses Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria · Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria

: INT, SF, LCT

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Cutaneous keratosis, ulcer, atrophy, and necrobiosis (L82–L94, 700–701.5)
Epidermal thickening

keratoderma: Keratoderma climactericum • Paraneoplastic keratoderma (Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex ) • Aquagenic keratoderma · Drug-induced keratoderma · Paraneoplastic keratoderma • psoriasis (Keratoderma blennorrhagica)

keratosis: Seborrheic keratosis (Clonal seborrheic keratosis · Common seborrheic keratosis · Irritated seborrheic keratosis · Seborrheic keratosis with squamous atypia · Reticulated seborrheic keratosis · Dermatosis papulosa nigra) • Keratosis punctata of the palmar creases

other hyperkeratosis: Acanthosis nigricans (Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis) · Callus • Ichthyosis acquisita · Arsenical keratosis · Chronic scar keratosis · Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans · Hydrocarbon keratosis · Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola · Inverted follicular keratosis · Lichenoid keratosis · Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis · PUVA keratosis · Reactional keratosis · Stucco keratosis · Thermal keratosis · Viral keratosis · Warty dyskeratoma · Waxy keratosis of childhood

other hypertrophy: Keloid · Hypertrophic scar • Cutis verticis gyrata ·
Necrobiosis/granuloma
Necrobiotic/palisading Granuloma annulare (Perforating, Generalized, Subcutaneous, Granuloma annulare in HIV disease, Localized granuloma annulare, Patch-type granuloma annulare) · Necrobiosis lipoidica · Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma · Granuloma multiforme · Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma · Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis · Rheumatoid nodulosis · Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis/Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction
Foreign body granuloma Beryllium granuloma • Mercury granuloma • Silica granuloma • Silicone granuloma • Zirconium granuloma • Soot tattoo • Tattoo • Carbon stain
Other/ungrouped eosinophilic dermatosis (Granuloma faciale)
Dermis/ localized CTD
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus chronic: Discoid · Panniculitis subacute: Neonatal ungrouped: Chilblain · Lupus erythematosus–lichen planus overlap syndrome · Tumid · Verrucous · Rowell's syndrome
Scleroderma/ Morphea Localized scleroderma (Localized morphea, Morphea–lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap, Generalized morphea, Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini, Pansclerotic morphea, Morphea profunda, Linear scleroderma)
Atrophic/ atrophoderma Lichen sclerosus · Anetoderma (Schweninger–Buzzi anetoderma, Jadassohn–Pellizzari anetoderma) · Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini · Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans · Semicircular lipoatrophy · Follicular atrophoderma · Linear atrophoderma of Moulin
Perforating Kyrle disease · Reactive perforating collagenosis · Elastosis perforans serpiginosa · Perforating folliculitis · Acquired perforating dermatosis
Skin ulcer Pyoderma gangrenosum
Other Calcinosis cutis · Sclerodactyly · Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans · Ainhum/Pseudo-ainhum

: INT, SF, LCT

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Cutaneous vasculitis and other vascular-related cutaneous conditions (L95, 709.1)
Cutaneous vasculitis Erythema elevatum diutinum · Capillaritis · Urticarial vasculitis · Nodular vasculitis
Microvascular occlusion

Calciphylaxis · Cryoglobulinemic purpura/Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis

vascular coagulopathy: Livedoid vasculitis (Livedoid dermatitis, Perinatal gangrene of the buttock) · Malignant atrophic papulosis · Sneddon's syndrome
Purpura

Nonthrombocytopenic purpura: Cryofibrinogenemic purpura · Drug-induced purpura · Food-induced purpura · Henoch–Schönlein purpura · Obstructive purpura · Orthostatic purpura · Purpura fulminans · Purpura secondary to clotting disorders · Purpuric agave dermatitis · Pigmentary purpuric eruptions · Solar purpura · Traumatic purpura · Waldenström hyperglobulinemic purpura · Painful bruising syndrome

ungrouped: Paroxysmal hand hematoma · Postcardiotomy syndrome · Deep venous thrombosis · Superficial thrombophlebitis · Mondor's disease · Blueberry muffin baby · Fibrinolysis syndrome
Systemic vasculitis see
Vascular malformations

Arteriovenous malformation (Bonnet–Dechaume–Blanc syndrome, Cobb syndrome, Parkes Weber syndrome) · Sinusoidal hemangioma · lymphatic malformation (Hennekam syndrome, Aagenaes syndrome)

telangiectasia: Generalized essential telangiectasia · Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia · Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia
Ulcer Venous insufficiency ulceration · Arterial insufficiency ulcer · Hematopoietic ulcer · Neuropathic ulcer · Acroangiodermatitis
Lymphedema see
Ungrouped vascular-related cutaneous conditions Raynaud phenomenon · Raynaud's disease · Thromboangiitis obliterans · Erythromelalgia · Septic thrombophlebitis · Arteriosclerosis obliterans · Bier spots/Marshall–White syndrome · Cholesterol embolus · Reactive angioendotheliomatosis · Trousseau's syndrome

: INT, SF, LCT

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Factitial dermatitis (F45.8+L98.1, 306.3+698.4) and psychiatric and organic nervous system disease / neurodermatitis
F Body dysmorphic disorder · Bromidrosiphobia · Delusional parasitosis · Dermatothlasia · Factitious dermatitis · Trichotillomania
G Complex regional pain syndrome · Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis · Meralgia paraesthetica · Riley–Day syndrome · Sciatic nerve injury · Syringomyelia · Trigeminal neuralgia
K Glossodynia
L Malum perforans pedis · Neurotic excoriations · Factitial lymphedema
Ungrouped Atypical chronic pain syndrome · Brachioradial pruritus · Notalgia paresthetica · Postencephalitic trophic ulcer · Psychogenic pruritus · Scalp dysesthesia · Scrotodynia/Vulvodynia · Traumatic neuroma · Trigeminal trophic lesion

: INT, SF, LCT

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Neutrophilic and eosinophilic dermatoses (L98.2-3)
Eosinophilic dermatosis
With vasculitis Eosinophilic vasculitis • Churg–Strauss syndrome
Without vasculitis Arthropod assault • Eosinophilic cellulitis • Hypereosinophilic syndrome • Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji • Granuloma faciale • Eosinophilic folliculitis
Ungrouped Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia/Kimura's disease • Annular erythema of infancy • Eosinophilic fasciitis • Eosinophilic granuloma • Eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa • Erythema toxicum neonatorum • Incontinentia pigmenti • Itchy red bump disease • Juvenile xanthogranuloma • Pachydermatous eosinophilic dermatitis • Papular eruption of blacks • Pruritic papular eruption of HIV disease
Reactive neutrophilic dermatoses
Epidermis Keratoderma blennorrhagica • Subcorneal pustular dermatosis
Dermis

without vasculitis: Sweet's syndrome • Pyoderma gangrenosum • Bowel-associated dermatosis–arthritis syndrome

with vasculitis: Neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands
Ungrouped Acute erythema nodosum • Marshall syndrome • Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis • Pyogenic arthritis–pyoderma gangrenosum–acne syndrome • Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis • Superficial granulomatous pyoderma • Sweet's syndrome-like dermatosis • Vesicopustular dermatosis

: INT, SF, LCT

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: MYL

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Mucinosis/Lichen myxedematosus (L98.5, 701.8)
Localized lichen myxedematosus Discrete papular lichen myxedematosus · Acral persistent papular mucinosis · Self-healing papular mucinosis/Self-healing juvenile cutaneous mucinosis · Papular mucinosis of infancy · Atypical lichen myxedematosus · Atypical tuberous myxedema · Nodular lichen myxedematosus
Other primary mucinoses

Cutaneous focal mucinosis · Cutaneous lupus mucinosis · Eccrine mucinosis · Alopecia mucinosa · Perifollicular mucinosis · Stiff skin syndrome

Generalized lichen myxedematosus
Secondary mucinoses Basal cell carcinoma · Granuloma annulare

: INT, SF, LCT

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