French Revolution
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The French Revolution (French: Révolution française; 1789–1799), was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France that had a major impact on France and indeed all of Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years. French society underwent an epic transformation as feudal, aristocratic and religious privileges evaporated under a sustained assault from radical left-wing political groups, masses on the streets, and peasants in the countryside. Old ideas about tradition and hierarchy - of monarchy, aristocracy and religious authority - were abruptly overthrown by new Enlightenment principles of equality, citizenship and inalienable rights. History of France This article is part of a seriesPrehistory Palaeolithic Mesolithic Neolithic Copper Age Bronze Age Iron Age Ancient history Greek colonies Celtic Gaul Roman Gaul (50 BC–486 AD) Early Middle Ages The Franks Merovingians (481 AD–751 AD) Carolingians (751–987) Middle Ages Direct Capetians (987–1328) Valois (1328–1498) Early Modern Valois-Orléans (1498–1515) Valois-Angoulême (1515–1589) House of Bourbon (1589–1792) Kingdom of France (1492–1791) Kingdom of France (1791–1792) French Revolution (1789) 19th century First Republic (1792–1804) National Convention (1792–1795) Directory (1795–1799) Consulate (1799–1804) First Empire (1804–1814) Restoration (1814–1830) July Revolution (1830) July Monarchy (1830–1848) 1848 Revolution Second Republic (1848–1852) Second Empire (1852–1870) Third Republic (1870–1940) Paris Commune (1871) 20th century French State (1940–1944) Provisional Government (1944–1946) Fourth Republic (1946–1958) Fifth Republic (1958–present) France Portal The French Revolution began in 1789 with the convocation of the Estates-General in May. The first year of the Revolution saw members of the Third Estate proclaiming the Tennis Court Oath in June, the assault on the Bastille in July, the passage of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in August, and an epic march on Versailles that forced the royal court back to Paris in October. The next few years were dominated by tensions between various liberal assemblies and a right-wing monarchy intent on thwarting major reforms. A republic was proclaimed in September 1792 and King Louis XVI was executed the next year. External threats also played a dominant role in the development of the Revolution. The French Revolutionary Wars started in 1792 and ultimately featured spectacular French victories that facilitated the conquest of the Italian Peninsula, the Low Countries and most territories west of the Rhine – achievements that had defied previous French governments for centuries. Internally, popular sentiments radicalized the Revolution significantly, culminating in the rise of Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins and virtual dictatorship by the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror from 1793 until 1794 during which between 16,000 and 40,000 people were killed. After the fall of the Jacobins and the execution of Robespierre, the Directory assumed control of the French state in 1795 and held power until 1799, when it was replaced by the Consulate under Napoleon Bonaparte. After the Napoleonic Wars and ensuing rise and fall of Napoleon's First French Empire, a restoration of absolutist monarchy was followed by two further successful smaller revolutions (1830 and 1848). This meant the 19th century and process of modern France taking shape saw France again successively governed by a similar cycle of constitutional monarchy (1830–48), fragile republic (Second Republic) (1848–1852), and empire (Second Empire) (1852–1870). The modern era has unfolded in the shadow of the French Revolution. The growth of republics and liberal democracies, the spread of secularism, the development of modern ideologies and the invention of total war all mark their birth during the Revolution. From Wikipedia under the
GNU Free Documentation License Matching Results for French Revolution:revolutionA political upheaval in a government or nation state characterized by great change. The removal and replacement of a government. Rotation : the ... republican marriage A form of human execution used during the French Revolution in which a man and woman were tied together naked, exposed to public view for a time in this ... sans-culotte A plebian Parisian, especially a lower-class republican during the French Revolution. 2007 : More's sensational attacks on Paine's Rights of Man [...] were ... From Wiktionary under the
GNU Free Documentation License Matching Results for French Revolution:French Revolutionary WarsThe French revolution was to change the political state of Europe, to terminate the strife of kings among themselves, and to commence that between kings and people. ... Revolution Revolution is not a dinner party, nor an essay, nor a painting, nor a ... Graffiti written during French student revolt, May 1968. The revolution must take place in ... : Maximilien Robespierre Collection of quotes by and attributed to the French revolutionary. From Wikiquote under the
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Society: History: By Topic: Social History ... Jan 2, 2007 ... Czech Republic - Revolutions of 1848 - The Paris revolution of ... of inadequacies and hypocrisy of French Constitution adopted in the ... Society: History: Historians Jan 28, 2010 ... of a trilogy of histories that reappraise the American Revolution . ... on cities and urban life, French history, the Caribbean Islands, ... Society: History: By Time Period: Eighteenth ... Jan 2, 2007 ... Open Directory - Society: History: By Time Period: Eighteenth Century: French Revolution : Robespierre, Maximilien ...
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